The long-tailed finch, Poephila acuticauda provides a long-established example of sub-species divergence across the Top-End of Australia based on bill colour, with red-billed birds in the east and yellow-billed birds in the west.

The climate is warming fast, threatening species persistence and biodiversity. Being sessile, plants must respond and adapt to changing environmental conditions in situ.

Bat echolocation is considered one of the most complex and diverse modes of sensory perception in animals, but its origin and evolutionary history is a highly contentious issue that remains unresolved.

Pompilidae is a family of solitary wasps with more than 5000 species worldwide and approximately 260 in Australia.

Pollinators are under threat from anthropogenic influences such as changed and reduced pollen and nectar resources from agricultural intensification, and emerging pathogens introduced through global trade into new host populations.

Climate has changed rapidly since the end of 19thcentury due to increased emission of greenhouse gases into the earth’s atmosphere.